SWL+Incorporating+Quotations

** Incorporating Quotations and Parenthetical Notation  ****  Quick Glance  ** ** __ Direct Quotations __ **** : Author’s exact words __Paraphrasing__ : Author’s idea but in your own words  ** ** __ Parenthetical Notation - __ **** This appears directly after your quotation (long or short) or paraphrasing. (Laggis, 35) ** ** __ Short Quotes (Less than 4 lines typed) __ **  · Use quotation marks.  · Do not indent the quotation.  · Integrate the quotation into the grammar of the sentence. As Denise Winterman comments on the momentum of the “Glee Effect”, “The show's blend of dark humour and high camp are a big part of its success, but the feel-good, serotonin-stirring songs belted out each week are also winning over even the most hardened critics** .” ** ** (  ** Winterman, 46) ** __ Long Quotes (More than 4 lines typed) __ **  · Introduce the quotation with a colon.  · Begin a new line (double space).  · Single Space.  · Do NOT use quotation marks. As Denise Winterman speculates for BBC News: ** (New Line,, double space,  ** The irony is that glee actually began in Britain ,    **  indent, single space)  ** around the 1700s, according to historians. ** NO Quotation marks  ** Glee clubs remained popular until Victorian times, when other styles of singing became more fashionable. Back then "glee" referred to a specific form of unaccompanied English part song - singing with two or more voice parts, with one part carrying the melody - and were all male. his style was adopted by America 's first - and now oldest glee club, formed by students at Harvard University in 1858. (Winterman, 56) ** __ When citing poetic drama or plays, designations other than the page must be used __ ** ; for example, canto, stanza, book, act, scene, or line. Use periods to separate the numbers in the citation. ** Example: (Romeo and Juliet 3.2.202-204)  ** - this indicates that the passage appears in Act 3, scene 2, lines 202-204.  ** __ Electronic sources (Internet, Online Data bases __ **** )  ** do not always provide page  numbers. In such cases, give author and date. (Winterman, Jan 22, 2010 ) ** __ Incorporating Quotations __ ** ** __ Longer Guide __ ** It is very important to include relevant quotations in your formal essays and reports. They give your work credibility and by including the opinions of experts, you are able to validate your writing. ** __ Direct Quotations __ ** When selecting quotes for your paper, keep the following in mind:  · Only select quotations which are relevant and keep them as brief as possible without sacrificing meaning.  · Always make sure that quotations are integrated at appropriate and relevant times in your writing  · Quote the author's words as written unless you wish to omit an irrelevant section. In this case you may use three dots ... to indicate an ** __omission__ ** in mid-sentence or four dots to indicate an omission at the end of a sentence. ** Example:  ** ** As Denise Winterman speculates for  ****  BBC  ****  News:   ** ** (New Line,, double space,  ** The irony is that glee actually began in Britain ,    **  indent, single space)  ** around the 1700s, according to historians. ** NO Quotation marks  ** Glee clubs remained popular until Victorian times,… Back then "glee" referred to a specific form of unaccompanied English part song - singing with two or more voice parts, with one part carrying the melody - and were all male. his style was adopted by America 's first - and now oldest glee club, formed by students at Harvard University in 1858. (Winterman, 56) ** __ Long Quotes (If the quotation is over 4 typed lines - see above) __ **  · Introduce the quotation with a colon. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Begin a new line (double space). <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Indent 10 spaces from the left and right margin. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Single Space. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · ** Do NOT use quotation marks. ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Use parenthetical notation inserted 2 spaces after the final words of the quotation to indicate your source. ** Parenthetical Notation  ** - In brackets, include the author's last name, and page number. Example: (Laggis, 87) ** __ Short Quotes (less than 4 typed lines) __ ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Use quotation marks. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Do not indent the quotation. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.25in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"> · Integrate the quotation into the grammar of the sentence. ** Example:   ** As Ruggles Pritchard comments, "Sir Wilfrid Laurier is a wonderful learning institution and Sir Wil students are strong students, competitive athletes, and generous individuals." ** __ Punctuation with Quotation Marks __ ** ** __ Works Cited __ ** Refer to the following page for examples of various types of sources you might need to include on your "Works Cited" page. __ Only sources from which you have quoted or paraphrased may be included on this page __. It must appear on a separate sheet of paper at the end of your report or essay. It will be organized alphabetically, using the last name of each author. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.5in; mso-list: none; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in list .5in left .75in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-align: center;"> ** __ Parenthetical Notation __ ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> Include parenthetical notation in the text of your report to document your sources and to give credibility to your work. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · For example (Rama, 72) = (author’s last name, page). All information or major ideas (whether quoted or paraphrased) taken from a source must have parenthetical notation following it. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · If a paragraph contains three sentences and each sentence comes from the same source, you may reference the material once (either after the first sentence in the paragraph or at the end of the paragraph - be consistent with the style that you choose). <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · You may also start your paragraph off with a reference to the author. For example, In a 2010 study by the Law Reform Commission, Robertson (2010) stated that … <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · Keep your quotations as brief as possible without sacrificing the meaning and be sure they are relevant. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · Always make sure that the quotations are integrated into the grammar of the sentence in which they appear. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · Quote the author’s words exactly as written unless you wish to omit an irrelevant section. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> ** __ Special quotes __ ** <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · For works having ** two authors ** use the last names of each author. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · For works having ** three or more authors ** use the last name of the first author followed by "et al". <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · Works which do not name the author(s) and which are published by a ** corporation, government agency, or an association ** are cited by using the name of the group (Canadian Heart and Stroke Association 5). <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · If the work, usually unauthored, is listed by the title in the "Works Cited" list, give the title or a shortened version (CMA 10.) <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in list 1.0in left 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;"> · When citing ** poetic drama or plays, **designations other than the page must be used; for example, canto, stanza, book, act, scene, or line. Use periods to separate the numbers in the citation. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;">** Example: (Romeo and Juliet 3.2.202-204)  ** - this indicates that the passage appears in Act 3, scene 2, lines 202-204. <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;"> <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in; text-indent: 0in;">** Electronic sources (Internet, Online Data bases)  ** do not always provide page numbers. In such cases, give author and date. (Winterman, Jan. 22, 2010 ) <span style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt 0.75in; tab-stops: -63.6pt -.5in 0in .5in .75in 1.0in 1.5in 2.0in 2.5in 3.0in 3.5in 4.0in 4.5in 5.0in 5.5in 6.0in 6.5in;">
 * Sir Wilfrid Laurier **
 * Periods and commas should be placed inside quotation marks even when they only enclose one letter or a number.
 * Question marks, exclamation marks, or closing dashes precede the quotation marks if they are part of the quoted matter.
 * Question marks and exclamation marks follow the quotation marks if they pertain the entire sentence of which the quotation is a part.